公民の問題と解答：2008年版テスト

正解:憲法（Constitution）

What is the supreme law of the land? — The Constitution

正解:政府をつくる

What does the Constitution do? — Sets up the government

正解:We the People

The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? — We the People

正解:憲法の変更

What is an amendment? — A change to the Constitution

正解:権利章典（Bill of Rights）

What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution? — The Bill of Rights

正解:言論

What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment? — Speech

正解:27

How many amendments does the Constitution have? — 27

正解:イギリスからの独立を宣言した

What did the Declaration of Independence do? — Announced our independence from Great Britain

正解:生命と自由

What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence? — Life and liberty

正解:どの宗教でも信仰できるし、信仰しなくてもよい。

What is freedom of religion? — You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion.

正解:資本主義経済

What is the economic system in the United States? — Capitalist economy

正解:すべての人が法律に従わなければならない。

What is the “rule of law”? — Everyone must follow the law.

正解:連邦議会（Congress）

Name one branch or part of the government. — Congress

正解:抑制と均衡（checks and balances）

What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful? — Checks and balances

正解:大統領（President）

Who is in charge of the executive branch? — The President

正解:連邦議会（Congress）

Who makes federal laws? — Congress

正解:上院（Senate）と下院（House of Representatives）

What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress? — The Senate and the House of Representatives

正解:100

How many U.S. Senators are there? — 100

正解:6

We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years? — 6

正解:435

The House of Representatives has how many voting members? — 435

正解:2

We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years? — 2

正解:州のすべての人々

Who does a U.S. Senator represent? — All people of the state

正解:州の人口のため

Why do some states have more Representatives than other states? — Because of the state’s population

正解:4

We elect a President for how many years? — 4

正解:11月

In what month do we vote for President? — November

正解:Donald J. Trump

What is the name of the President of the United States now? — Donald J. Trump

正解:JD Vance

What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now? — JD Vance

正解:副大統領（Vice President）

If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President? — The Vice President

正解:下院議長（Speaker of the House）

If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President? — The Speaker of the House

正解:大統領（President）

Who is the Commander in Chief of the military? — The President

正解:大統領（President）

Who signs bills to become laws? — The President

正解:大統領（President）

Who vetoes bills? — The President

正解:大統領に助言する

What does the President’s Cabinet do? — Advises the President

正解:国務長官（Secretary of State）と労働長官（Secretary of Labor）

What are two Cabinet-level positions? — Secretary of State and Secretary of Labor

正解:法律が憲法に反しているかどうかを決める

What does the judicial branch do? — Decides if a law goes against the Constitution

正解:最高裁判所（Supreme Court）

What is the highest court in the United States? — The Supreme Court

正解:9

How many justices are on the Supreme Court? — 9

正解:John Roberts

Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now? — John Roberts

正解:お金を印刷すること

Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? — To print money

正解:運転免許証を発行する

Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states? — Give a driver’s license

正解:民主党（Democratic）と共和党（Republican）

What are the two major political parties in the United States? — Democratic and Republican

正解:共和党（Republican）

What is the political party of the President now? — Republican

正解:Mike Johnson

What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? — Mike Johnson

正解:18歳以上の市民が投票できる。

There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them. — Citizens 18 and older can vote.

正解:陪審員（jury）を務める

What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens? — Serve on a jury

正解:連邦選挙で投票する

Name one right only for United States citizens. — Vote in a federal election

正解:言論の自由と信教の自由

What are two rights of everyone living in the United States? — Freedom of speech and freedom of religion

正解:アメリカ合衆国

What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance? — The United States

正解:アメリカの法律に従う

What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen? — Obey the laws of the United States

正解:18歳以上

How old do citizens have to be to vote for President? — 18 and older

正解:投票することと、政党に入ること

What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy? — Vote and join a political party

正解:4月15日

When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms? — April 15

正解:18歳のとき

When must all men register for the Selective Service? — At age 18

正解:自分の宗教を信仰するため

What is one reason colonists came to America? — Practice their religion

正解:アメリカ先住民

Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived? — Native Americans

正解:アフリカ出身の人々

What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves? — People from Africa

正解:高い税金のため

Why did the colonists fight the British? — Because of high taxes

正解:Thomas Jefferson

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? — Thomas Jefferson

正解:1776年7月4日

When was the Declaration of Independence adopted? — July 4, 1776

正解:ニューヨーク、バージニア、ジョージア

There were 13 original states. Name three. — New York, Virginia, and Georgia

正解:憲法が書かれた。

What happened at the Constitutional Convention? — The Constitution was written.

正解:1787年

When was the Constitution written? — 1787

正解:Alexander Hamilton

The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers. — Alexander Hamilton

正解:アメリカ合衆国の初代郵政長官

What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for? — First Postmaster General of the United States

正解:George Washington

Who is the “Father of Our Country”? — George Washington

正解:George Washington

Who was the first President? — George Washington

正解:ルイジアナ準州（Louisiana Territory）

What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803? — The Louisiana Territory

正解:南北戦争（Civil War）

Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s. — The Civil War

正解:南北戦争（Civil War）

Name the U.S. war between the North and the South. — The Civil War

正解:奴隷制

Name one problem that led to the Civil War. — Slavery

正解:奴隷を解放した

What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did? — Freed the slaves

正解:南部連合の州の奴隷を解放した

What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? — Freed slaves in the Confederate states

正解:女性の権利のために戦った

What did Susan B. Anthony do? — Fought for women’s rights

正解:朝鮮戦争（Korean War）

Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s. — The Korean War

正解:Woodrow Wilson

Who was President during World War I? — Woodrow Wilson

正解:Franklin Roosevelt

Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II? — Franklin Roosevelt

正解:日本、ドイツ、イタリア

Who did the United States fight in World War II? — Japan, Germany, and Italy

正解:第二次世界大戦

Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in? — World War II

正解:共産主義

During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States? — Communism

正解:公民権運動

What movement tried to end racial discrimination? — The civil rights movement

正解:公民権のために闘った

What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do? — Fought for civil rights

正解:テロリストがアメリカを攻撃した。

What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States? — Terrorists attacked the United States.

正解:チェロキー

Name one American Indian tribe in the United States. [USCIS Officers will be supplied with a list of federally recognized American Indian tribes.] — Cherokee

正解:ミシシッピ川

Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States. — The Mississippi River

正解:太平洋

What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States? — The Pacific Ocean

正解:大西洋

What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States? — The Atlantic Ocean

正解:プエルトリコ

Name one U.S. territory. — Puerto Rico

正解:ミシガン州

Name one state that borders Canada. — Michigan

正解:テキサス州

Name one state that borders Mexico. — Texas

正解:ワシントンD.C.

What is the capital of the United States? — Washington, D.C.

正解:ニューヨーク港

Where is the Statue of Liberty? — New York Harbor

正解:もともと13の植民地があったから

Why does the flag have 13 stripes? — Because there were 13 original colonies

正解:州1つにつき星が1つあるから

Why does the flag have 50 stars? — Because there is one star for each state

正解:星条旗(The Star-Spangled Banner)

What is the name of the national anthem? — The Star-Spangled Banner

正解:7月4日

When do we celebrate Independence Day? — July 4

正解:感謝祭と労働者の日

Name two national U.S. holidays. — Thanksgiving and Labor Day