練習問題と解答

正解:アボリジニとトレス海峡諸島民

Who were the first people to live in Australia? — Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

正解:世界で最も古くから途切れずに続いている文化である。

What is special about the cultures of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples? — They are the oldest continuous cultures in the world.

正解:オーストラリア本土とタスマニア

Where do Aboriginal people come from? — Mainland Australia and Tasmania

正解:4万年以上

According to archaeology, how long have Aboriginal people lived in Australia? — More than 40,000 years

正解:クイーンズランド州の北端とパプアニューギニアのあいだの島々

Where do Torres Strait Islander peoples come from? — The islands between the northern tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea

正解:物語、芸術、踊りを通して

How do Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples express their deep connection to the land? — Through stories, art and dance

正解:100以上

How many distinct Indigenous languages are spoken in Australia today? — More than 100

正解:5パーセント未満

What share of Australia's population are Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples? — Less than 5 per cent

正解:誤り

True or false? Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples all share one single, identical culture. — False

正解:1788年1月26日

On what date did the First Fleet land and start the first British settlement in Australia? — 26 January 1788

正解:11

How many ships sailed to Australia in the First Fleet? — 11

正解:シドニー・コーブ

Where did the First Fleet land to set up the first British settlement? — Sydney Cove

正解:イギリスの法律が厳しく、刑務所がいっぱいだったから

Why did Great Britain send convicts to Australia? — Because British laws were harsh and the prisons were too full

正解:アーサー・フィリップ船長

Who was the first Governor of the colony of New South Wales? — Captain Arthur Phillip

正解:正しい

True or false? Most of the free settlers who came to the early colonies were from Britain and Ireland. — True

正解:1851年

In which year did the Australian gold rush begin? — 1851

正解:中国人

During the gold rush, which group became the first large group of migrants from outside Europe? — Chinese

正解:2倍以上になった

What happened to Australia's population in the ten years after gold was found? — It more than doubled

正解:1901年1月1日

On what date did the colonies unite to form one nation? — 1 January 1901

正解:オーストラリア高等裁判所(High Court of Australia)

At Federation, the Constitution set up a national parliament, a national government and which court? — The High Court of Australia

正解:約400万人

About how many people lived in Australia at Federation in 1901, not counting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples? — About 4 million

正解:1967年の国民投票

After which event were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples included when counting Australia's population? — The 1967 referendum

正解:ヨーロッパの他の国々

After World War II, a large wave of migrants who were not British came to Australia. Where did most of them come from? — Other countries in Europe

正解:誤り

True or false? Migrants to Australia have come from fewer than 50 countries. — False

正解:英語

What is Australia's national language? — English

正解:キャンベラ

Which city is the national capital of Australia? — Canberra

正解:6つ

How many states does Australia have? — Six

正解:ニューサウスウェールズ州

Which present-day state began as the first British colony in Australia? — New South Wales

正解:正しい

True or false: Sydney is the capital city of New South Wales. — True

正解:ビクトリア州

Which is the smallest state on the Australian mainland? — Victoria

正解:ビクトリア

A gold rush in the 1850s made which colony, now a state, very rich? — Victoria

正解:ブリスベン

What is the capital city of Queensland? — Brisbane

正解:クイーンズランド州

The Great Barrier Reef lies off the coast of which state? — Queensland

正解:西オーストラリア州

Which is the largest state in Australia by area? — Western Australia

正解:西オーストラリア州

The Ningaloo Coast, Margaret River and the Kimberley are all in which state? — Western Australia

正解:アデレード

What is the capital city of South Australia? — Adelaide

正解:南オーストラリア州

In which state can you visit the Barossa Valley and the Flinders Ranges? — South Australia

正解:バス海峡

Which stretch of water separates Tasmania from the mainland? — Bass Strait

正解:ホバート

What is the capital city of Tasmania? — Hobart

正解:オーストラリア首都特別地域

Parliament House and the High Court of Australia are in which part of the country? — The Australian Capital Territory

正解:誤り

True or false: Canberra is a city on the coast. — False

正解:オーストラリア北部準州の奥地

Uluru, Kata Tjuta and Kings Canyon are in which part of Australia? — Outback Northern Territory

正解:誤り

True or false: Queensland is the smallest state in Australia. — False

正解:その土地の伝統的な管理者(Traditional Custodian)

Who gives a Welcome to Country? — A Traditional Custodian of the local land

正解:地元の人々の土地を安全に通り抜けること

Traditionally, what was a Welcome to Country meant to give visitors? — A safe journey through the land of the local people

正解:煙の儀式(smoking ceremony)

Which of these can be part of a Welcome to Country? — A smoking ceremony

正解:いちばん初めに、最初の項目として

When during an event is a Welcome to Country usually held? — At the very beginning, as the first item

正解:誤り

True or false: only an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander Elder may give an Acknowledgement of Country. — False

正解:その土地の伝統的な管理者に敬意を示す

What does an Acknowledgement of Country do? — It shows respect for the Traditional Custodians of the land

正解:1月26日

On which date is Australia Day celebrated? — 26 January

正解:1788年にイギリスからファースト・フリートが到着したこと

What event in Australia's history does Australia Day mark? — The arrival of the First Fleet from Britain in 1788

正解:オーストラリア・ニュージーランド軍団(Australian and New Zealand Army Corps)

Anzac Day is held on 25 April. What does the word ANZAC stand for? — Australian and New Zealand Army Corps

正解:トルコ(Türkiye、Turkey)

On 25 April 1915, during World War I, Australian and New Zealand soldiers landed at Gallipoli. In which country is Gallipoli? — Türkiye (Turkey)

正解:青、白、赤

Which colours are used on the Australian National Flag? — Blue, white and red

正解:オーストラリアのイギリス人入植の歴史

What does the Union Jack in the top left corner of the Australian National Flag stand for? — Australia's history of British settlement

正解:6つの州と、準州を表す1つの先端

The Commonwealth Star on the Australian National Flag has seven points. What do these points stand for? — The six states, plus one point for the territories

正解:南十字星

Which group of stars is shown on the right-hand side of the Australian National Flag? — The Southern Cross

正解:太陽

What does the yellow circle in the middle of the Aboriginal Flag stand for? — The sun

正解:誤り

True or false: on the Aboriginal Flag, the red part stands for the sea. — False

正解:海

What does the blue part of the Torres Strait Islander Flag stand for? — The sea

正解:踊り手の頭飾り

Which white shape is in the centre of the Torres Strait Islander Flag, standing for all Torres Strait Islanders? — A dancer's headdress

正解:トレス海峡の主な島のグループ

On the Torres Strait Islander Flag, what do the points of the white star stand for? — The main island groups of the Torres Strait

正解:正しい

True or false: the Aboriginal Flag and the Torres Strait Islander Flag are both officially recognised flags of Australia. — True

正解:カンガルーとエミュー

Which two animals hold up the shield on the Commonwealth Coat of Arms? — A kangaroo and an emu

正解:一つの国に統合した6つの州

What does the shield on the Commonwealth Coat of Arms represent? — The six states united as one nation

正解:ゴールデン・ワトル(golden wattle)

What is Australia's national flower? — Golden wattle

正解:正しい

True or false: Australia's national colours are green and gold. — True

正解:オパール

Which gemstone is Australia's national gemstone? — Opal

正解:アドバンス・オーストラリア・フェア(Advance Australia Fair)

What is the name of Australia's national anthem? — Advance Australia Fair

正解:オーストラリア国民

In Australia's parliamentary democracy, where does the government's power come from? — The Australian people

正解:選挙で代表者に投票する

How do Australians decide who makes laws on their behalf? — They vote for representatives in elections

正解:次の選挙で別の人に投票する

How can the people hold their elected representatives responsible for what they do? — By voting for someone else at the next election

正解:正しい

True or false: In Australia, a police officer must obey the law just like everyone else. — True

正解:地位や背景にかかわらず、同じ法律がすべての人に適用される

What does it mean that all Australians are equal under the law? — The same laws apply to everyone, whatever their position or background

正解:ほかのすべての人と同じ権利と敬意

Sam uses a wheelchair. What rights does Sam have in Australia? — The same rights and respect as every other person

正解:ほかの人々を平和的に説得し、民主的な手続きを使う

A group of Australians wants a law to be changed. What is the accepted way to do this? — Persuade others peacefully and use the democratic process

正解:誤り

True or false: In Australia, using violence to make others change their opinions is acceptable if the cause is important enough. — False

正解:背景や信条にかかわらず、すべての人

Who should be treated with respect in Australia? — Every person, whatever their background or beliefs

正解:はい。法律の範囲内であれば

Can people in Australia say in public that they think the government is doing a bad job? — Yes, as long as they stay within the law

正解:犯罪を計画するために作られた団体

Freedom of association lets people join many kinds of groups. Which group does it NOT protect? — A group set up to plan crimes

正解:どんな宗教でも、あるいは無宗教でも自由に選べる

Which statement about a person's religion in Australia is correct? — They may follow any religion, or no religion at all

正解:政府はすべての宗教から切り離されている

Australia's government is described as secular. What does this mean? — The government is separate from all religions

正解:ユダヤ・キリスト教

Which religious tradition has had the biggest influence on Australia's heritage? — Judaeo-Christian

正解:正しい

True or false: Good Friday is a public holiday in Australia. — True

正解:人種、性別、年齢、障害を理由とする不当な扱いを防ぐため

Why does Australia have laws against discrimination? — To stop unfair treatment because of race, sex, age or disability

正解:正しい

True or false: In Australia, women and men have the same rights. — True

正解:違法である

A manager refuses to promote a worker only because she is a woman. Under Australian law, this is: — Against the law

正解:成功は、財産や家柄ではなく、その人の努力によるべきだ

What does the Australian idea of a 'fair go' mean? — Success should come from your effort, not your wealth or family

正解:オーストラリアに正式な階級の区別はない

Which statement about social class in Australia is correct? — There are no formal class distinctions in Australia

正解:オーストラリアの法律に従うこと

Which of these is a responsibility of every Australian citizen? — Obeying the laws of Australia

正解:18歳以上のオーストラリア市民

Who must vote in federal elections in Australia? — Australian citizens aged 18 or over

正解:誤り

True or false: voting in a referendum is optional for Australian citizens aged 18 or over. — False

正解:地方議会の選挙

In some states, voting may not be compulsory in which kind of election? — Local council elections

正解:国防軍に入ることは任意である

Citizens have a responsibility to help defend Australia if the need arises. Which statement about the Australian Defence Force is correct? — Joining the defence force is voluntary

正解:訴えられた人が有罪か無罪か

What does a jury decide in a court case? — Whether the accused person is guilty or not guilty

正解:選挙人名簿(electoral roll)に載っている名前から

How are people chosen to be called for jury service? — From the names on the electoral roll

正解:その子について、血統によるオーストラリア市民権を申請する

An Australian citizen has a baby while living overseas. What can the parent do? — Apply for Australian citizenship by descent for the child

正解:オーストラリア連邦公務員の仕事

Applying for which kind of job is a privilege of Australian citizenship? — A job in the Australian Public Service

正解:陸軍、海軍、空軍

Australian citizens can apply to join the Australian Defence Force. Which three services make up the defence force? — The Army, the Navy and the Air Force

正解:別の国の市民権も持っている

An Australian citizen wants to stand for election to the federal parliament. Which of these would stop them? — They also hold citizenship of another country

正解:誤り

True or false: Australian citizens need a visa to come back into Australia after a trip overseas. — False

正解:オーストラリアの大使館、高等弁務官事務所、領事館

An Australian citizen is caught up in a natural disaster while travelling overseas. Where can they ask for help? — At an Australian embassy, high commission or consulate

正解:パスポートをなくしたり盗まれたりしたときの緊急パスポートの取得

Which of these can Australian consular officials help a citizen with while they are overseas? — Getting an emergency passport if theirs is lost or stolen

正解:正しい

True or false: Australian citizens travelling overseas must obey the laws of the country they are visiting. — True

正解:地元の慈善団体でボランティア活動をすること

Which of these is a voluntary way to take part in the community, not a duty of citizens? — Volunteering at a local charity

正解:オーストラリア税務局(Australian Taxation Office)

Which organisation collects taxes for the Australian Government? — The Australian Taxation Office

正解:医療、学校、道路などのサービス

What are taxes in Australia used for? — Services such as healthcare, schools and roads

正解:オーストラリア選挙管理委員会(Australian Electoral Commission)

Which organisation runs federal elections and referendums in Australia? — The Australian Electoral Commission

正解:誤り

True or false? The Australian Electoral Commission must follow the government's instructions when it runs an election. — False

正解:自分から話さないかぎり、誰に投票したかは秘密のままである

Australians vote by secret ballot. What does this mean? — How you vote stays private unless you tell others

正解:罰金を科されることがある

What can happen to an enrolled citizen who does not vote and has no good reason? — They can be fined

正解:投票するために登録されている人の名簿

What is the electoral roll? — The list of people who are enrolled to vote

正解:正しい

True or false? To vote in a federal election, you must be enrolled. — True

正解:下院に1人の議員を選ぶ地域

What is an electorate (also called a division or seat)? — An area that elects one member to the House of Representatives

正解:選ばれた代表者に連絡する

You are worried about a problem in your community. What can you do? — Contact your elected representative

正解:6

Before 1901, how many self-governing British colonies were there in Australia? — Six

正解:植民地間の貿易が遅く、費用もかかった

Each colony had its own rules on things like trade, transport and the post. What problem did this cause before Federation? — Trade between the colonies was slow and expensive

正解:正しい

True or false: in the years before Federation, a sense of Australian national identity was already growing through sport, songs, poems and art. — True

正解:誤り

True or false: the Australian Constitution was written and passed by the first Australian Parliament after Federation. — False

正解:下院と上院(House of Representatives and Senate)

The Constitution set up a national Parliament with two houses. What are they called? — The House of Representatives and the Senate

正解:オーストラリア高等裁判所(High Court of Australia)

Which body has the final power to apply and interpret the law, including the Constitution? — The High Court of Australia

正解:議会が変更案を可決し、そのあと国民投票で有権者が承認する

The Constitution is Australia's highest law. How can it be changed? — Parliament passes the proposed change, then the voters approve it at a referendum

正解:全国の有権者の過半数と、6州のうち少なくとも4州の有権者の過半数

What does a proposed change to the Constitution need in order to pass at a referendum? — A majority of voters across the nation and a majority of voters in at least four of the six states

正解:アボリジニとトレス海峡諸島民がオーストラリアの人口に数えられること

In 1967 more than 90% of voters said Yes at a referendum. What did this vote allow? — Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to be counted as part of Australia's population

正解:一人の人や一つの集団がすべての権力を持たないようにするため

Why does Australia's Constitution split the power of government into three separate parts? — So that no one person or group has all the power

正解:選挙で選ばれた議会

Who holds legislative power, the power to make and change laws? — The elected Parliament

正解:法律を実行に移す権限

What does executive power mean? — The power to put laws into practice

正解:首相と大臣

Which of these is part of the executive arm of government? — The Prime Minister and ministers

正解:大臣

Who is responsible for the work of government departments? — Ministers

正解:裁判所の裁判官

Which of these people uses judicial power, the power to interpret and apply the law? — A judge in a court

正解:誤り

True or false? When deciding a case, Australian courts must follow the instructions of the government. — False

正解:オーストラリア国王(King of Australia)

Who is Australia's Head of State? — The King of Australia

正解:オーストラリアには国王がいて、その権限は憲法で定められ、制限されている

Australia is a constitutional monarchy. What does this mean? — Australia has a King, and his powers are set out and limited by the Constitution

正解:総督(Governor-General)

The King does not live in Australia. Who carries out his powers and duties at the national level? — The Governor-General

正解:首相の助言にもとづき、国王によって

How is the Governor-General chosen? — By the King, on the advice of the Prime Minister

正解:誤り

True or false? The Governor-General belongs to the party in government and helps it make political decisions. — False

正解:国王の裁可を与え、法律にする

A bill has been passed by both Houses of the federal Parliament. What does the Governor-General do next? — Gives it Royal Assent, so it becomes law

正解:総督(Governor-General)

Who is the Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force? — The Governor-General

正解:正しい

True or false? The Governor-General formally starts the process for holding a federal election. — True

正解:州総督(Governor)

Who represents the King in each Australian state? — The Governor

正解:行政官(Administrator)

In the Northern Territory, who is appointed by the Governor-General to carry out duties like those of a state Governor? — The Administrator

正解:州首相(Premier)

What is the title of the leader of a state government, such as the government of Victoria? — Premier

正解:市長またはシャイア長

Who leads a local council? — A Mayor or Shire President

正解:保健などの分野を担当する国会議員

In Australian government, what is a minister? — A member of parliament in charge of an area such as health

正解:House of Representatives

Which part of the federal Parliament is also called the Lower House or the People's House? — The House of Representatives

正解:州に住む人口

What decides how many members each state has in the House of Representatives? — The number of people who live in the state

正解:12

How many senators does each state elect to the Senate? — 12

正解:2

How many senators do the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory each have? — 2

正解:州の大きさにかかわらず、各州の上院議員の数が同じだから

The Senate is sometimes called the States' House. Why? — Because each state has the same number of senators, whatever its size

正解:無所属議員(independent)

What do we call a member of Parliament who does not belong to any political party? — An independent

正解:協力して動く2つ以上の政党

In Australian politics, what is a coalition? — Two or more parties that work together

正解:自由党、労働党、国民党、緑の党

Which list names four of the main political parties in Australia? — Liberal, Labor, the Nationals and the Greens

正解:誤り

True or false? Australians must join a political party before they can vote in an election. — False

正解:下院(House of Representatives)で過半数を持つ政党または連立

After a federal election, which group forms the government? — The party or coalition with a majority in the House of Representatives

正解:首相(Prime Minister)

What is the title of the leader of the federal government? — The Prime Minister

正解:政府に入っていない最大の政党または連立

Which group usually forms the Opposition in the federal Parliament? — The largest party or coalition that is not in government

正解:総督(Governor-General)

The Prime Minister chooses people to be ministers. Who then formally appoints them? — The Governor-General

正解:最も上級の大臣たちで、重要な決定を行う

What is the Cabinet in the Australian Government? — The most senior ministers, who make the key decisions

正解:誤り

True or false? A Bill (a proposed law) becomes law as soon as the House of Representatives passes it, even if the Senate votes against it. — False

正解:正しい

True or false? Each Australian state has its own parliament and its own constitution. — True

正解:その州の州都

Where is the government of each Australian state based? — In the capital city of that state

正解:憲法は、準州には与えない形で、州の権利を保護している。

Which statement about Australia's states and territories is correct? — The Constitution protects the rights of the states in a way that it does not protect the territories.

正解:正しい

True or false? The Australian Parliament can change or cancel a law made by a self-governing territory. — True

正解:市、シャイア、町、自治体

What are local government areas in Australia usually called? — Cities, shires, towns or municipalities

正解:地元の人々が選んだ議会

Who usually makes decisions for a local government area? — A council elected by local people

正解:オーストラリア政府(連邦政府)

Which level of government is responsible for immigration and citizenship? — The Australian (federal) Government

正解:オーストラリア政府(連邦政府)

Which level of government looks after Australia's defence forces? — The Australian (federal) Government

正解:オーストラリア政府(連邦政府)

Which level of government pays social security, such as the age pension and family support payments? — The Australian (federal) Government

正解:州政府

In an Australian state, which level of government is responsible for the police and ambulance services? — The state government

正解:家庭ごみの収集

Which of these is usually done by the local council? — Collecting household rubbish

正解:地方議会

A neighbour's dog keeps barking all night. Which level of government usually deals with noise and animal control? — The local council

正解:法廷に提出された証拠

What must an Australian court base its decision on when it decides whether someone is guilty? — The evidence presented in court

正解:下級裁判所の裁判官

What is a magistrate? — A judge in a lower court

正解:誤り

True or false? In Australia, a judge can be removed from the job for making a decision the government does not like. — False

正解:裁判所が有罪とするまでは無罪として

How is a person who has been charged with a crime treated in Australia? — As innocent until a court finds them guilty

正解:弁護士に代理してもらう権利

Which right does a person accused of a crime have in Australia? — The right to be represented by a lawyer

正解:平和を守り、生命と財産を守ること

What is one of the main jobs of the police in Australia? — To keep peace and protect life and property

正解:誤り

True or false? In Australia, the government can tell the police which person to arrest or charge. — False

正解:オーストラリア連邦警察(Australian Federal Police)

Which police force investigates crimes against national laws, such as drug trafficking and threats to national security? — The Australian Federal Police

正解:警察官が断っても、重大な犯罪である

What does Australian law say about offering money or a gift to a police officer so they will let you off? — It is a serious crime, even if the officer says no

正解:法律を知らなかったことは、破ったことの言い訳にならない

A person breaks a law and says they did not know that the law existed. What is true? — Not knowing the law is not an excuse for breaking it

正解:違法薬物を買うこと、または持つこと

Which of these is against the law in Australia? — Buying or having illegal drugs

正解:男性も女性も

Who can be sent to prison for domestic and family violence in Australia? — Both men and women

正解:車に乗っているすべての人

Who must wear a seatbelt in a car in Australia? — Everyone in the car

正解:すべての人

Under the rule of law in Australia, who does the law protect? — Everyone

正解:はい。誰も見ていなくても、法律は適用される

Late at night, a driver is on an empty road with no police or cameras nearby. Does the driver still have to keep to the speed limit? — Yes, the law applies even when nobody is watching

正解:罰金や刑務所での刑など、処罰を受けることがある

What may happen to a person who breaks the law in Australia? — They may face a penalty, such as a fine or a prison sentence

正解:オーストラリアの法律は、背景にかかわらずオーストラリアにいるすべての人に適用される

A new arrival says the laws of their home country should apply to them while they live in Australia. Which statement is correct? — Australian law applies to everyone in Australia, whatever their background

正解:オーストラリアの法律が適用され、宗教の規則がそれを上書きすることはできない

Your neighbour says that the rules of their religion come before Australian law. Which statement is correct? — Australian law applies, and no religious rule can override it

正解:選挙に参加することがとても大切だと考えられていること

Voting in federal, state and territory elections is compulsory for adult Australian citizens. What does this show? — That taking part in elections is considered very important

正解:求められたことをする

A police officer makes a lawful request, such as asking you to pull your car over. What should you do? — Do what you are asked

正解:正しい

True or false: Australians are expected to support the police when they carry out their lawful duties. — True

正解:法律の範囲内であれば、考えを話し、書くことができる

What does freedom of speech mean in Australia? — People can say and write what they think, as long as they stay within the law

正解:はい。メディアは、法律の範囲内で政府を自由に批判できる

Can newspapers, radio and TV in Australia criticise the government? — Yes, the media are free to criticise the government, within the law

正解:民主主義の大切な一部

How is peaceful protest against the government seen in Australia? — As an important part of democracy

正解:いいえ。決して認められない

Is it acceptable in Australia to encourage violence against people because of their religion or ethnic background? — No, it is never acceptable

正解:人の名誉を傷つけるうその話を広めること

Which of these is NOT protected by freedom of speech in Australia? — Spreading false stories about a person that damage their good name

正解:誤り

True or false: freedom of speech allows you to urge other people to break the law. — False

正解:政党や労働組合など、合法な団体ならどれにでも入ること

What does freedom of association allow people in Australia to do? — Join any legal group, such as a political party or a trade union

正解:政党に入るよう強制されることはない

Your manager says you must join a certain political party to keep your job. What does freedom of association say about this? — You cannot be forced to join a political party

正解:物を壊したり人を傷つけたりすること

Which of these is NOT allowed at a protest in Australia? — Damaging property or hurting people

正解:いいえ。同時に2人以上の配偶者を持つことは違法である

A man in Australia is already married. Can he legally marry a second wife while his first marriage continues? — No, having more than one spouse at a time is illegal

正解:重大な犯罪であり、刑務所に入ることがある

What is the legal position on forcing someone to marry in Australia? — It is a serious crime and can lead to prison

正解:宗教的な不寛容はオーストラリアの価値観に反するので、許されない

A person regularly insults and excludes neighbours because of their faith. How do Australian values view this behaviour? — It is not acceptable, because religious intolerance goes against Australian values

正解:同じ権利を持ち、平等に扱われなければならない

A Buddhist and a Christian live in the same town in Australia. How does the law treat them? — They have the same rights and must be treated equally

正解:正しい

True or false: in Australia, two men or two women can legally marry each other. — True

正解:人種や出身にかかわらず、すべての人が同じ権利を持つ

How does Australian law treat people of different races and national or ethnic backgrounds? — Everyone has the same rights, whatever their race or origin

正解:二人とも、学校に行き、さらに学ぶ同じ権利がある

A family in Australia has a son and a daughter. What chances do they have to get an education? — Both have the same right to go to school and to study further

正解:女性は投票でき、議会に立候補できる

Which statement about women and politics in Australia is correct? — Women can vote and can stand for parliament

正解:はい。女性はどちらにも入れる

Can women serve in the Australian Defence Force and in the police? — Yes, women can join both

正解:同じ法律のもとで、平等に

A man and a woman each go to an Australian court in the same kind of case. How should the court treat them? — Equally, under the same law

正解:アナのほうが資格が上なので、雇用主はアナを採用できる

Ana and Tom apply for the same job. Ana has better qualifications for it. What is right in Australia? — The employer can give Ana the job because she is better qualified

正解:家庭内、家族の中で起きたことであっても、犯罪である

A man hits his wife during an argument at home. What is true under Australian law? — It is a crime, even though it happened at home within the family

正解:誤り

True or false: in Australia, a husband or wife cannot get a divorce if the other spouse objects. — False

正解:多くの移民が、ビジネス、芸術、スポーツなどの分野で指導者になっている

Which statement about migrants in Australia is correct? — Many migrants have become leaders in fields such as business, the arts and sport

正解:正しい

True or false: shouting insults and threats at someone in the street can be against the law in Australia. — True

正解:冷静に話し合い、必要なら調停や裁判所を使う

Two neighbours strongly disagree about where their shared fence should be. What is the right way to deal with this in Australia? — Talk about it calmly and, if needed, use mediation or the courts

正解:州または準州によって16歳または17歳

What is the age of consent for sexual activity in Australia? — 16 or 17, depending on the state or territory

正解:いいえ。本人が同意していても、オーストラリア中どこでも違法である

A 25-year-old man wants a sexual relationship with a 15-year-old girl. Is this legal anywhere in Australia? — No, it is illegal everywhere in Australia, even if she agrees

正解:賛成できなくても、他の人の意見を尊重すること

What does tolerance mean in everyday life in Australia? — Respecting other people's views, even when you disagree

正解:賛成できなくても、娘の選択を尊重する

Your adult daughter decides to marry someone you do not like. Which response fits Australian values? — Respect her choice, even if you disagree with it

正解:これは人種差別的な暴言であり、オーストラリアでは認められない

At a football match, a spectator shouts racist insults at a player. Which statement is correct? — This is racial abuse, and it is not accepted in Australia

正解:オーストラリア人権委員会(Australian Human Rights Commission)

Where can a person report racism in Australia? — To the Australian Human Rights Commission

正解:できるなら、自分と家族を支えること

What is expected of people in Australia who are able to work? — To support themselves and their family where they can

正解:一人暮らしの高齢の隣人に食事を届けること

Which of these is a good example of mateship? — Bringing a meal to an elderly neighbour who lives alone

正解:報酬なしで、他の人を助けるために時間を差し出すこと

What does it mean to volunteer in your community? — To give your time to help others without being paid

正解:正しい

True or false? During the 2019–20 bushfires, many multicultural communities in Australia collected donations to help people affected by the fires. — True

正解:警察などの当局に通報する

You find out that someone is planning a serious crime. What should you do? — Report it to the authorities, such as the police

正解:警察

If you suspect that a child is being abused, who should you report it to? — The police

正解:誤り

True or false? In Australia, sharing sexual images of a person online without their consent is allowed. — False

正解:オーストラリアとその国民

When people become Australian citizens, to whom do they pledge their loyalty? — To Australia and its people

正解:はい。その国が認めるなら。ただしオーストラリアでは、オーストラリアの法律に従わなければならない

Can an Australian citizen also be a citizen of another country? — Yes, if the other country allows it, but in Australia they must obey Australian law

正解:はい。オーストラリア国内でも海外でも、オーストラリアの法律に違反する

Is sexual activity with a child under 16 a crime for Australians when they are overseas? — Yes, it is against Australian law both in Australia and overseas

正解:ソーシャルメディアで政府の機密を共有すること

Which of these actions would go against Australia's interests or security? — Sharing government secrets on social media